Large skin (清潔)
|
Staphylococcus aureus
CoNS Streptococci
|
Nil 或 Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV at IA
|
1 劑
|
耳鼻喉科手術
|
Head and neck (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Head and neck (清潔污染) |
S. aureus
CoNS Streptococci Enteric GNB
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg + gentamicin 2mg/kg IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Ear (清潔污染) |
S. aureus
Streptococci
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Nose and sinus (清潔污染) |
S. aureus
Enteric GNB Anaerobes
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Tonsil (清潔污染) |
S. aureus
Enteric GNB Anaerobes
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
心血管手術
|
Coronary artery graft bypassing (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA then 1 gm q8h
|
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
|
<1 天
|
Prosthetic valve (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA then 1 gm q8h
|
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
|
<1 天
|
Large vessel in abdomen or lower limb (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA then 1 gm q8h
|
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
|
<1 天
|
胸腔科手術
|
Lung (清潔污染), pulmonary resection (lobectomy and pneumonectomy) |
S. aureus
CoNS Streptococci
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA then 1 gm q8h
|
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
或
Clindamycin 600 mg IV + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
或
2GC 1-2 gm
|
<2 天
|
Esophagus (清潔污染) |
S. aureus
CoNS Enteric GNB
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA then 1 gm q8h
|
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
或 Clindamycin 600 mg IV + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
或 2GC 1-2 gm IV at IA
|
<2 天
|
骨科手術
|
Total hip arthroplasty (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA then 1 gm q8h
|
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
|
<2 天
|
Total knee arthroplasty (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA then 1 gm q8h
|
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
|
<2 天
|
Internal fixation for close reduction (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA then 1 gm q8h
|
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
|
<1 天
|
Spine (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA then 1 gm q8h
|
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
|
<2 天
|
Other selective, non-prosthesis bone procedures (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA then 1 gm q8h
|
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
|
<1 天
|
神經科手術
|
Craniotomy (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV
|
Oxacillin 2 gm IV at IA
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
|
<1 天
|
Ventriculo-peritoneal shunting (清潔) |
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV
|
Oxacillin 2 gm IV at IA
Vancomycin 1 gm IV on call to OR
|
<2 天
|
大腸直腸肛門外科
|
Colorectum (清潔污染) |
Enteric GNB
Anerobes
|
Oral:
Neomycin 1 gm qid + metronidazole 1 gm qid the day before operation
或
Tinidazole 1 gm the night before operation + Cefoxitin 1-2 gm IV at IA
或
Cefmetazole 1-2 gm IV at IAor
Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA ± gentamicin 2 mg/kg ± metronidazole 500 mg IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
或
Amoxicillin/clavulanate 750 mg IV at IA
或
Ampicillin/sulbactam 1.5 gm IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
一般外科
|
Non-complicated appendectomy (
infected) |
Enteric GNB
Anerobes
|
Cefoxitin 1-2 gm IV at IA 或
Cefmetazole 1-2 gm IV at IA或
Cefazolin 1 gm + gentamicin 2 mg/kg + metronidazole 500 mg IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
或
Amoxicillin/clavulanate 750 mg IV at IA或
Ampicillin/sulbactam 1.5 gm IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Open biliary (清潔污染) |
Enteric GNB
|
Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
或 2GC
1-2 gm IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Open cholecystectomy (清潔污染) |
Enteric GNB
|
Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
或 2GC
1-2 gm IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (清潔污染) |
Enteric GNB
|
Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
或 2GC
1-2 gm IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Gastroduodenal (清潔污染)
|
Gram-positive cocci
Enteric GNB
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Intestinal (清潔污染)
|
Gram-positive cocci
Enteric GNB
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Laparoscopic or non-laparoscopic herniorrhaphy with mesh (清潔)
|
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV at IA
|
1 劑
|
Laparoscopic or non-laparoscopic herniorrhaphy without mesh (清潔)
|
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Nil or
Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV at IA
|
1 劑
|
Breast (清潔)
|
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Nil or
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV at IA
|
1 劑
|
Thyroid (清潔)
|
S. aureus
CoNS
|
Nil or
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV at IA
|
1 劑
|
泌尿科手術
|
Transrectal prostate biopsy (清潔污染)
|
Enteric GNB
|
Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA
|
Gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV on call to OR
或
Ciprofloxacin 500 mg oral or 400 mg IV on call to OR
|
1 劑
|
Transurethral prostate biopsy (清潔污染)
|
Enteric GNB
|
Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA
|
Gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV on call to OR
或
Ciprofloxacin 500 mg oral or 400 mg IV on call to OR
|
<1 天
|
Transurethral bladder tumor resection (清潔污染)
|
Enteric GNB
|
Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA
|
Gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV on call to OR
|
<1 天
|
婦科
|
Hysterectomy, abdominal or vaginal (清潔污染)
|
Enteric GNB
Group B streptococcus
Anerobes
|
Cefazolin 1 gm IV at IA 或
Cefoxitin 1 gm IV at IA或
Cefmetazole 1 gm IV at IA
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV at IA + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
或
Amoxicillin/clavulanate 750 mg IV at IA或
Ampicillin/sulbactam 1.5 gm IV at IA
|
<1 天
|
Cesarean section (清潔污染)
|
Enteric GNB
Group B streptococcus
Anerobes
|
Cefazolin 1-2 gm IV immediately after cord clamping
|
Clindamycin 600 mg IV at IA + gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV at IA
|
<1 天
|